可持续供应链？绿色供应链？循环供应链？还傻傻分不清？
一个可持续发展的供应链中的技术组成部分是大家也必须关注的，供应链中的数字化转型使企业能够满足和超越可持续发展的基准，同时也能够创新和发展他们的业务。
人工智能：人工智能技术允许管理和分析整个供应链的多个不同的数据集。人工智能给可持续供应链带来的一个特别强大的好处是共色性和协作运输的能力。这意味着跟踪包裹的状态和位置，以便实时利用组合运输的机会，或在时间允许的情况下利用资源较少的物流。
机器学习：作为人工智能的一种应用，机器学习利用大数据来帮助系统和连接设备实时适应——发现模式，从经验中学习，并自动化敏捷和响应性的工作流。对于供应链管理者来说，从这个过程中产生的操作优化措施可以显著减少浪费和能源的使用。
机器人和自动化：自2020年初以来，网上购物已经增长了149%以上。由于许多客户期待快速或第二天交货，我们正在将现有的仓储能力和最后一英里的物流供应推到其崩溃点。电子无人机和库存管理机器人是自动化事物的例子，可以通过智能自动化进行优化，以提高工作流效率，优化能源，并节省物流网络中化石燃料的使用。
增材制造：也被称为3D打印，增材制造允许公司保持虚拟库存和按需生产库存。现场和按需生产的能力消除了化石燃料的使用和其他用于海外运输和包装的资源。它也有潜力使用来自供应链循环内的回收塑料作为3D制造的基础材料。
工业物联网(IIoT)： 当企业内的连接设备和机器配备了唯一的标识符和发送和接收数字数据的能力时，它们就成为工业物联网网络的一部分。可持续供应链中的资产智能可以帮助优化机器性能和自动化维护，以减少能源使用和消除工作流中的冗余。
区块链：在可持续的供应链中，区块链作为单一真理来源的能力尤其有用。通过使用传感器，产品和材料可以被准确地跟踪到其来源，以消除任何关于其来源、质量和处理的猜测——在整个供应链的任何阶段。
传感器：RFID设备和其他小型、廉价的传感器可以很容易地安装在产品和原材料上——在其来源或供应链上的任何地方。当合作伙伴和供应商遵守强制性的传感器附件时，就会达到一个前所未有的透明度水平——特别是在那些以前可能有些难以可靠监控的地区。
现代数据库和ERP： 最好的可持续发展解决方案运行在内存数据库和ERP系统上，可以管理大数据和多样化的、复杂的流程。可持续供应链的技术和自动化组件依赖于预测性和先进的分析，以及这些现代、集中的业务系统所能实现的实时洞察。
什么是循环的供应链？
在一个循环的供应链中，产品被分解或还原为原材料形式，然后重新制成可销售的产品——从而使企业能够实现回收的环境效益，同时在回收过程中收回成本。这种模式的双赢性质越来越受欢迎 ，根据高德纳2020年的一项调查，70%的供应链领导者计划投资于循环经济。 支持这些举措的一些现代技术包括在3D打印中使用回收塑料，以及通过先进的分析技术绘制出最高效的物流旅程。
可持续供应链是个更全面的术语。绿色、透明和循环的供应链都是现代可持续供应链的组成部分。
政策 | 广东省人民政府关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的实施意见
论坛报名 | 2022年后道智能包装与物流自动化高峰论坛（2022年3月）
碳达峰与碳中和 | 毛涛:打造零碳供应链应对国外“绿色壁垒”
2022年1-3月| 供应链管理师认证培训考试
本文编译自SAP INSIGHTS
Twenty years ago, the word sustainability was almost completely synonymous with eco-friendliness. Today, it is a much more holistic term. Green, transparent, and circular supply chains are all components of a modern sustainable supply chain.
What is a green supply chain?
A green supply chain is achieved by successfully integrating environmentally responsible principles and benchmarks into supply chain management. This includes product design, materials sourcing, manufacturing, logistics, and end-of-life product management. With the rise of e-commerce, there are more product and shopping choices than ever. To compete, businesses need to find resilient solutions to greening their supply chains while still growing profit. Supply chain technologies such as AI and machine learning can help businesses spot risks, patterns, and opportunities – allowing them to minimize waste and improve efficiency.
What is a transparent supply chain?
Supply chain transparency refers to the ability and willingness of a business to openly disclose information about the provenance of goods and labor and end-to-end supply chain practices. Many businesses invest significant time and resources into establishing and maintaining ethical and environmentally responsible standards. The problem is, even with the best of intentions, this has traditionally been very difficult to enforce and reliably implement. Fortunately, through the use of digital technologies such as blockchain and RFID sensors, supply chain managers can now obtain an accurate and irrefutable record of all the products and suppliers along the entire supply chain journey.
Technology components of a sustainable supply chain
Digital transformation in the supply chain allows companies to meet and exceed sustainability benchmarks while also innovating and growing their businesses.
Artificial intelligence: AI technologies allow for the curation and analysis of multiple, disparate data sets across the supply chain. A particularly powerful benefit that AI brings to the sustainable supply chain is the capacity for synchromodality and collaborative shipping. This means tracking the status and location of packages to take real-time advantage of opportunities to combine shipments or utilize less resource-heavy logistics if time permits.
Machine learning: As an application of AI, machine learning uses Big Data to help systems and connected devices adapt in real time – to discover patterns, learn from experience, and automate agile and responsive workflows. For supply chain managers, the operational optimization measures that come out of this process can significantly reduce waste and energy usage.
Robots and automated things: Online shopping has risen by over 149% since the start of 2020. With many customers expecting fast or next-day delivery, we are pushing the existing capacity of warehousing and last-mile logistics provision to its breaking point. Electronic drones and inventory management robots are examples of automated things that can be optimized with intelligent automation to improve workflow efficiency, optimize energy, and save on fossil fuel usage in the logistics network.
Additive manufacturing: Also known as 3D printing, additive manufacturing allows companies to maintain virtual inventories and to manufacture stock on demand. The ability to manufacture on-site and on-demand eliminates fossil fuel usage and other resources used in overseas shipping and packing. It also has the potential to use recycled plastics from within the supply chain loop as the base material for 3D manufacturing.
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT): When connected devices and machines within a business are fitted with unique identifiers and the ability to send and receive digital data, they become part of an IIoT network. Asset intelligence in a sustainable supply chain can help to optimize machine performance and automate maintenance to reduce energy usage and eliminate redundancies in workflows.
Blockchain: In sustainable supply chains, blockchain is particularly useful in its ability to act as a single source of truth. Through the use of sensors, products and materials can be accurately tracked back to their source to remove any speculation as to their provenance, quality, and handling – at any stage across the supply chain.
Sensors: RFID devices and other small, inexpensive sensors can easily be fitted to products and raw materials – at their source or anywhere along the supply chain. When partners and suppliers comply with mandatory sensor attachment, an unprecedented level of transparency is achieved – especially in regions that may have previously been somewhat hard to reliably monitor.
Modern databases and ERP: The best sustainability solutions run on in-memory databases and ERP systems that can manage Big Data and diverse, complex processes. The technologies and automated components of a sustainable supply chain are dependent upon predictive and advanced analytics as well as on the real-time insights made possible by these modern, centralized business systems.
What is a circular supply chain?
In a circular supply chain, products are disassembled or reduced to their raw materials form, and remade into sellable products – thus allowing businesses to achieve the environmental benefits of recycling while recouping costs in the process. The win-win nature of this model is growing in popularity, and, according to a 2020 Gartner survey, 70% of supply chain leaders plan to invest in the circular economy. Some of the modern technologies that support these initiatives include the use of recycled plastics in 3D printing and the ability for advanced analytics to map out the most efficient logistics journeys for returning products into the supply chain loop.返回搜狐，查看更多